Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) is a kind of the network and the internet connection. It does not use wires or cables. It works just like a mobile phone or television. It uses radio waves to transmit the signal. It sends information to a modem and subsequently to a wireless router. The router converts the information into radio waves and directs them to the computer. The installed hardware and software in the computer deciphers the waves into data, audio and video output. When the same information is transmitted from a computer then the reverse process takes place.
The fundamental technology was developed by John O'Sullivan during his failed research project on exploding mini black holes. In the initial stages, it was known as IIIE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11b Direct Sequence by a US Federal Communications commission ruling of 1985. The term Wi-Fi coined by Interbrand Corporation, a brand consulting firm, was first used in 1999.
Wi-Fi uses much higher frequency to deliver a large amount of data in less time. The frequency used is 2.4 GHZ. It is quite higher than 1 GHz used by cell phones. Apart from a personal computer, this popular technology is used by video game consoles, tablets, digital audio players and smartphones. It is important to note that only those manufacturers, who are members of the Wi-Fi Alliance and whose products have the certified quality, can use the official Wi-Fi logo
This facility can be availed by multiple users on different devices with one wireless router. The wireless router creates a hot spot. In a home, anybody can move around and still avail the facility of the network connection. The hot spot is effective in a much larger area if the router is placed in an open area or at a height.
Wi-Fi cell phones have the ability to switch between conventional cellular internet phone and Wi-Fi VoIP (Voice over internet protocol) mode. These phones prevent drop out of the signal when contact with a repeater is broken. This happens when the user is moving into a walled building. If the building has Wi-Fi facility, the user is seamlessly kept connected. When he again goes out of the building, the connection with conventional internet network is spontaneously restored.
Wi-Fi connectivity is generally available without a fee at airports, hotels and libraries. However, sometimes where this facility is not free, it is unfairly accessed. There are "Warchalker". Once they find a hotspot in a public place, they write down the procedures on the adjoining wall for future reference. "Piggybacking" is another unfair practice in which one uses hotspot range of a subscriber by bringing his computer and working within the range.
Wi-Fi is less secure than Ethernet. Intruder does not need a physical connection such as wire. This problem is combated by adopting latest encryption technologies. As a precautionary measure, one should update operating system regularly. The computer and files should be password protected. Only web-based email sites should be used. The file sharing facility should be opened only when needed.
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